Carbon: Chemical element, symbol C. There are many compounds. Except carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonate and carbide, others are included in the category of organic compounds. It is an important component of cast iron and steel, and also an important raw material for chemical industry. Low carbon refers to lower greenhouse gas (mainly carbon dioxide) emissions.
Low carbon economy refers to an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. It is another major progress of human society after agricultural civilization and industrial civilization. The essence of low-carbon economy is the efficient use of energy, the development of clean energy, and the pursuit of green GDP. The core is the innovation of energy technology, institutional innovation, and the fundamental change of the concept of human survival and development. The low carbon economy was first seen in the government archives in 2003 in the British energy white paper Our Energy Future: Creating a Low Carbon Economy. The systematic discussion of low-carbon economy should be traced back to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol.
The background of "low carbon economy" is the severe challenge of global warming to human survival and development. With the continuous growth of global population and economic scale, the environmental problems caused by energy use are constantly recognized by people. In this context, a series of new concepts and policies, such as "carbon footprint", "low carbon economy", "low carbon science and technology", "low carbon development", "low carbon lifestyle", "low carbon society", "low carbon city", "low carbon world", came into being.
On December 3, 2007, the United Nations Climate Change Conference formulated the Bali Road Map to address climate change, which requires developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25-40% compared with 1990 by 2020. The Bali Road Map has played a positive role in further moving towards a low-carbon economy globally and is a milestone.
The United Nations Environment Programme has set the theme of World Environment Day 2008 (June 5) as "Changing Traditional Ideas and Promoting a Low Carbon Economy". In July of the same year, the eight countries at the G8 Summit said that they would seek to work with other signatories of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to reach the long-term goal of reducing global greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2050. So far, the "low carbon economy" based on low energy consumption and low pollution has become a global hotspot.
China attaches great importance to tackling climate change. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was signed in June 1992 and formally approved by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress at the end of the same year. The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has gradually formulated and revised a series of laws related to climate change, including the Energy Conservation Law, the Renewable Energy Law, the Circular Economy Promotion Law, the Clean Production Promotion Law, the Forest Law, and the Grassland Law. The "Eleventh Five Year Plan" approved by the National People's Congress in 2006 defined the goals and tasks of energy conservation and emission reduction. The Chinese government has formulated a national plan to address climate change, defined the basic principles, specific objectives, key areas, policy measures and steps to address climate change, improved the working mechanism to address climate change, implemented a series of actions to address climate change, and made positive contributions to the protection of the global climate.
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